Konstruksi Etika Teologis di Era Digital: Landasan Biblika bagi Pembaruan Formasi Moral Orang Percaya

Abstract

Digital transformation has not only changed how human beings communicate, work, learn, and build relationships, but has also shaped their habits, attention, desires, and moral judgment. This condition confronts Christian ethics with a problem more fundamental than merely determining the right or wrong use of technology: the formation of human beings as moral subjects amid social media, algorithmic culture, the attention economy, and the development of artificial intelligence. This study aims to analyze the moral crisis of the digital age and reconstruct Christian moral formation by integrating norms, character, and praxis within a biblical-theological framework. It employs a qualitative library research method through biblical-theological analysis, critical engagement with ethical thought, and a synthesis of contemporary literature on Christian ethics and digital ethics. The findings indicate that the digital moral crisis is not merely a behavioral crisis but also a crisis of moral formation because digital environments shape human orientations and habits. Christian ethics, therefore, cannot be adequately reduced to moral prohibitions and obligations; it must be grounded in the character of God, centered on Christ, and embodied in the unity of norms, character, and praxis. The novelty of this study lies in the construction of integrative Christian moral formation, which brings together norms as an orientation toward truth, character as the formation of the moral subject, and praxis as the actualization of ethical responsibility in digital life.